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• How Diffusion Models Generate Images, Step by StepAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to how diffusion models turn random noise into a picture, built on one running example of a textile print design studio.26 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• HTTP Connection Reuse Explained: Keep-Alive, Pools and Unread Response BodiesBackend · A plain-English guide to HTTP connection reuse: keep-alive, connection pools and why unread response bodies block reuse, tested on Go 1.27.2 and Python requests. It follows one running example of a parcel-tracking team calling a partner API.18 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Design an Image Captioning System for Product Alt TextAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to designing an image captioning system that writes alt text for a large product catalogue, built on one running marketplace example.29 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Library Management LLD: Members, Loans and FinesSystem design · A plain-English guide to library management LLD: plans, copies, loans, late fines, holds, renewals and database guards against double issues, shown on one running example of a nine-branch lending library.26 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Low-Level Design Interview Guide: How LLD Rounds Are JudgedInterview prep · A plain-English guide to how low-level design interview rounds are judged: the signals, the first ten minutes, classes, patterns and change requests, shown on one running example of a meeting room booking system.25 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Knowledge Distillation for LLMs: Small Models from Big OnesAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to LLM distillation, where a small student model learns from a large teacher model, shown on one running example of a Kannada voice assistant.29 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Meeting Scheduler LLD: Overlaps, Rooms and Clean ClassesSystem design · A plain-English guide to meeting scheduler low-level design in Java: overlap checks, fast clash lookup, room choice and safe booking, shown on one running example of a co-working booking app.28 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Micro-Frontends: When Splitting the Frontend Helps TeamsFrontend · A plain-English guide to micro frontends: what they are, how the pieces join on one page, what they cost, and when they help, built on one running super-app example.25 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• ML Model Monitoring: Data Drift and Concept DriftAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to model drift in classic machine learning: what data drift and concept drift are, how to detect each, and when to retrain, built on one running microfinance example.26 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Movie Ticket Booking LLD: Design the Classes and Seat LocksSystem design · A plain-English guide to movie ticket booking LLD: the classes, where seat status lives, expiring holds and per-show locks in Java, shown on one running example of a cinema chain.28 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Design a Collaborative Workspace Like Notion: The Block ModelSystem design · A plain-English guide to Notion system design: the block data model, saving and live sync, sharding and permissions, shown on one running example of a workspace app for creative agencies.25 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• LLD: Design a Parking Lot (Classes, States, Walkthrough)System design · A plain-English guide to parking lot low level design: classes, spot states, safe spot claims across gates, fees and the interview walkthrough, shown on one running example of a four-floor hospital car park.27 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Why Consensus Is Hard: FLP, Two Generals and PaxosSystem design · A plain-English guide to distributed consensus: the Two Generals and Byzantine Generals problems, the FLP impossibility result and how Paxos works, shown on one running example of a five-server configuration store.25 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Design a Price Tracker: Polling, Alerts and CachingSystem design · A plain-English guide to price tracker system design: adaptive polling, polite fetching, caching, price history and alerts that never repeat, shown on one running example of an electronics price alert app.27 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Design a Q&A Site Like Quora: Questions, Answers and RankingSystem design · A plain-English guide to Quora system design: storage, vote counting, answer ranking, duplicate questions, search and the feed, shown on one running example of a Hindi-first Q&A site.29 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• RAPTOR: Hierarchical Summaries for Long DocumentsAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to RAPTOR RAG, which builds a tree of summaries over long documents so broad questions get good answers, built on one running consulting firm example.25 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Real-Time Features: Batch vs Streaming vs Request-TimeAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to batch, streaming and request-time features for machine learning: how to trade freshness against cost, shown on one running quick-commerce example.25 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Real User Monitoring: Measure What Users Actually FeelFrontend · A plain-English guide to real user monitoring: what the browser measures, how beacons travel and how to read p75, shown on one running example of a small online store.27 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• How to Resolve Merge Conflicts in GitHub Desktop Without Losing WorkBackend · A plain-English guide to resolving merge conflicts in GitHub Desktop without backups or discarded work, shown on one running example of a two-person web team.27 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• LLD: Design a Restaurant Ordering SystemSystem design · A plain-English guide to restaurant management LLD: classes, table and dish states, a fair kitchen queue, duplicate-order guards and exact bills, shown on one running example of a 30-table family restaurant.22 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Design a Semantic Search Engine: Find Jobs by MeaningAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to semantic search system design: embeddings, vector indexes, filters, hybrid keyword search and reranking, shown on one running example of a job search app.28 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Service Discovery Explained: How Microservices Find Each OtherBackend · A plain-English guide to service discovery: registries, health checks, client-side and server-side lookups, DNS caching and Kubernetes, shown on one running example of a podcast app's play button.22 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• Small Language Models: When Smaller WinsAI and GenAI · A plain-English guide to small language models for routing, data extraction and on-device features, built on one running receipt-scanning app example.26 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026
• SPA vs MPA: Choosing the Shape of Your Web AppFrontend · A plain-English guide to single-page and multi-page web apps: how each one works, where each one breaks, and how to choose, shown on one running example of a wedding-booking site.26 min read · Updated 20 Oct 2026